*Content reviewed by HotPause Health Medical Advisor & Board-Certified OB/GYN, Dr. Beverly Joyce

Sexual Dysfunction During Menopause: What You Need to Know

Menopause is a significant transition in a woman’s life and it brings with it a range of physical and emotional changes. Sexual dysfunction is a common, yet often under-discussed change, that many women experience during menopause. Women’s health expert and board-certified OB/GYN, Dr. Beverly Joyce helps explain what you need to know about sexual dysfunction in menopause, including its causes, effects, and potential solutions.

What Is Sexual Dysfunction in Menopause?

Sexual dysfunction during menopause can encompass a variety of symptoms that affect a woman’s sexual health and satisfaction. These can include:

• Decreased Libido: A reduction in sexual desire or interest.
• Vaginal Dryness: Reduced lubrication that can make intercourse uncomfortable or painful.
• Difficulty Achieving Orgasm: Challenges with reaching orgasm or experiencing diminished pleasure.
• Painful Intercourse: Discomfort or pain during sex, often due to vaginal dryness or changes in pelvic anatomy.
• Changes in Sensitivity: Altered sensations in the genital area that may impact sexual enjoyment.

Why Does Sexual Dysfunction Occur During Menopause?

Several factors contribute to sexual dysfunction during menopause:

• Hormonal Changes: Decreases in estrogen and progesterone can lead to vaginal dryness and thinning of the vaginal walls, affecting sexual pleasure and comfort.
• Physical Changes: The natural aging process can alter genital tissue elasticity and muscle tone, impacting sexual function.
• Emotional Factors: Menopause can bring about mood swings, anxiety, and depression, which can also influence sexual desire and performance. 
• Health Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or medications for these conditions can also affect sexual health.

Addressing Sexual Dysfunction During Menopause

The good news is that sexual dysfunction during menopause is often manageable with the right approach. Here are some strategies to consider:

1. Menopause Hormone Therapy (MHT)

Menopause Hormone Therapy can help alleviate many symptoms of menopause, including sexual dysfunction. Estrogen therapy, in particular, can improve vaginal dryness and elasticity. Consult with your healthcare provider to discuss whether HRT is appropriate for you and what type might be best suited to your needs.

2. Local Estrogen Treatments

For those who may not want systemic hormone therapy, Local treatments such as estrogen creams, tablets, or rings can provide targeted relief for vaginal dryness and discomfort during intercourse.

3. Lubricants and Moisturizers

There are many products to choose from. Water-based lubricants are best to use with condoms or sex toys. Silicone-based or oil-based products may provide longer lasting comfort.  You may have to try a few to find the best choice for you. 

Vaginal moisturizers containing hyaluronic acid are very popular.

4. Sexual Therapy and Counseling

Sometimes, sexual dysfunction is influenced by emotional or psychological factors. Speaking with a sex therapist or counselor can help address underlying issues and improve sexual satisfaction and intimacy.

5. Pelvic Floor Exercises

Strengthening the pelvic floor muscles through exercises such as Kegels can enhance muscle tone and improve sexual function. These exercises can also help reduce pain, and help with vaginal lubrication and orgasm intensity.

6. Open Communication with Your Partner

Maintaining open lines of communication with your partner about your needs and concerns can help reduce anxiety and enhance intimacy. Working together to address sexual issues can lead to more fulfilling and satisfying experiences.

When to Seek Help

If you are experiencing sexual dysfunction that affects your quality of life, it’s important to seek help from a healthcare provider. They can offer guidance, perform evaluations, and develop a personalized treatment plan. Don’t let embarrassment or discomfort prevent you from addressing these concerns—help is available, and many effective treatments can improve your sexual health and overall well-being.

Conclusion

Sexual dysfunction during menopause is a common issue, but it doesn’t have to define your experience of this life stage. With the right approach and support, many women find relief and reclaim a satisfying and enjoyable sex life. Remember, menopause is a transition, not a conclusion, and taking proactive steps can help you navigate this change with confidence and renewed vitality.